Tarikh Islam

Contrary to the principle of the occurrence of Ashura, in which everyone has an event, the content, edges and themes of this event have been subjected to confirmations and denials throughout history. The source of these confirmations and denials is the presentation or non-presentation and the quality of the presentation of those topics in historical and theological texts. "al-Tabaqat Al-Kubra" is one of the most advanced historical texts, written by Muhammad bin Saad bin Muni, known as “Bin Sa’ad”, one of the most influential Sunni historians and hadith scholars, who brought this event that took place on the 10th of Muharram in the year 61 AH. This book, which is one of the oldest and most reliable works in terms of age, in addition to quoting specific points, in arranging, adding, removing, selecting, and condensing the contents, has acted in such a way that it confronts the audience with a pre-determined concept of the event. The issue of Yazid's role in shaping the Karbala event is one of these approaches. In this regard, he is specifically trying to cleanse Yazid and hide his role in creating the Ashura disaster, and for this reason, he presents the general format of the story in such a way that the Yazid's responsibility is negated, but the responsibility rests with Imam Hussain (PBUH), the people Kufa and finally, the commanders of Ibn Ziyad's army. It seems that Ibn Sa’ad’s effort to preserve and prove the belief of "obedience to the caliphs" - which was an accepted and fundamental belief among the people of hadith - forced him to clear Yazid as the caliph of the Muslims at any cost and clear the guilt of this incident and put it on the shoulders of others. Using the "deskresearch" method and with the "analytical and critical" approach, this research has focused on finding the roots of this claim and its aspects.