Tarikh Islam

Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz's, known as Umar II, rise to power is one of the mysteries of history, because the secrecy of the Umayyads and the effort of historians to preserve the dignity of the caliphs has left a dust of secrecy on the writings related to this event. In the last days of his life, Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik, in a strange and ambiguous act, despite Abd al-Malik's will to hand over the government to his brothers, granted the mantle of caliphate on his cousin Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz. Researches show that expediency thinkers and court jurists - inspired by the words of the predecessors about the appearance of a savior when oppression prevails - tried to reduce the hatred of the society towards the Umayyads by presenting a plan to provide the means to sustain their power. For this purpose, Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz, who compared to other Umayyads, had the privilege of being related to the second Caliph and had proven his devotion to the children of Abd al-Malik, was obliged to perform the role of "Mahdi of the Nation". According to his mission, he acted contrary to the usual conduct of the Umayyad rulers, but a little later, the cup of patience of Abd al-Malik's children ran out, and as a result, they were satisfied with the superficial success of this plan and ended the government that only had the role of connecting the caliphate from Sulayman to Yazid.