Tarikh Islam

The influence of the Najaf Islamic Seminary on Iran’s political, social and cultural issues, during the last few centuries, is undeniable. This influence was increasing during the 13th century, and its peak was during Iran's constitutional revolution. But after the changes that took place in Iran, Iraq and Najaf's Islamic seminary, its influence decreased and we see its weak role during the Islamic revolution of Iran, although this revolution was more Islamic in nature. There are several factors and grounds for the change of Najaf Seminary’s approach (from an active role during the constitutional revolution to a less active role during the Islamic Revolution of Iran). These factors are divided into two categories: personal and social factors. The following factors are some of the social factors: "failure to achieve the desired results from the Constitutional Revolution, the first World War and the Al-Eshrin Revolution"; "the difference between the Constitutional Revolution and the Islamic Revolution of Iran"; "Establishment of the Islamic Seminary of Qom "; "emergence and intensification of Pan-Arabism" and "emergence of the Modern State". Although all the factors and fields must be considered together to obtain the most complete picture of the social reality of both periods and the correct explanation of the change of Najaf Islamic Seminary’s approach, the factor of "not achieving the desired results from the Constitutional Revolution, the First World War and the Al-Eshrin Revolution" seems to have the largest share among the mentioned reasons.