Tarikh Islam

The schools of historiography in any era arise from the political-social situation and express the political-cultural freedoms of that era. Since historiography is directly influenced by the freedom in writing and the level of access to data, the types of thinking and thought processing are also formed in the face of these propositions. In this regard, the second Pahlavi era (1320-1357) had several types of historiographical experiences that changed in the period before and after the 1332 (solar Hijri) coup. The "Tehran Academic Historiography School" was under the influence of the policies of the Ministry of Science and "Qom Seminary School" was under the impact of the main policies of the seminary and popular religious thoughts of that period. Using the method of "description and analysis" of historical statements and library studies and based on the theory of "the role of time period in historiography", this article seeks to address the differences between the two historiography styles of the Tehran school and the Qom school. The research findings show that, influenced by the western schools popular in Iran since the first Pahlavi era, the Tehran school of historiography praised the throne, approved of the elements of humanism, social-political pathology and antiquarianism and disapproved of metaphysics and superstitions. On the other hand, the Qom school of historiography considered history as a tool to serve religion and focused on historicizing spirituality, Islamic events, supernatural matters, and moralizing history.